About 2.5% of the population is born with a gene, called the haptogobin gene (Hp-22), giving them impaired antioxidant protection. When the gene is present in diabetics, it presents them with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, vision problems, or other health complications. Research appearing in Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (Published on line November 21, 2007) looked at 1434 people who had both type-2 diabetes and the Hp2-2 gene. They were randomly given a 400 IU vitamin E supplement or placebo daily for 18 months. The group receiving the supplement had 50% fewer cardiovascular events like heart attacks or strokes during the course of the study.